# 與執行中的容器互動

建立完容器後，我們常常會需要進入容器來達到一些目的，例如 `查看設定檔`、`安裝套件` 等等，這時可以用`docker exec`進入容器

```
docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]
```

假設我只是要簡單的執行完某個指令（例如 `nginx -t`）而已，可以直接把`nginx -t`放在COMMAND的位置，這個指令執行完就會回到本機

```
root@vm:/home/jennifer# docker exec -it b5e1 nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

root@vm:/home/jennifer#
```

若是有比較複雜的事情需要完成，COMMAND可以下bash，接著會發現路徑會被改成`root@b5e16239b697`，表示目前正在ID為`b5e16239b697`的容器內

```
root@vm:/home/jennifer# docker exec -it b5e1 bash
root@b5e16239b697:/# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
root@b5e16239b697:/# time

real    0m0.000s
user    0m0.000s
sys     0m0.000s
```

若在容器內想離開，則可輸入`exit`，就會發現路徑會回至本機了

```
root@b5e16239b697:/# exit                 # 在b5e1623b697容器內輸入exit
exit
root@vm:/home/jennifer#                   # 這裡已回到本機
```

如果有些檔案希望能夠從容器複製到本機，或從本機複製到容器，可利用`docker cp`

```
# 本機檔案，複製到容器 (容器ID為b5e16239b697)
root@vm:/home/jennifer# docker cp docker_build.sh b5e1:/docker_build.sh

# 容器檔案(容器ID為b5e16239b697)，複製到本機
docker cp b5e1:/do.sh do.sh
```


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